- 'Takes things from other things to make new things'
- Recycling something old into something new
- Already exists and is being reformed
- A late 20th-century style and concept in the arts, architecture, and criticism, which represents a departure from modernism and is characterized by the self-conscious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media, and a general distrust of theories.
Modernism
New all the time
Up to date
Constant innovation
Beliefs linked to utopian (perfect)
Idea of society (politics, religion, law etc)
A lot of modernist art concerned itself with the grand narrative (love, death, war religion etc)
Postmodernism
Rejects these narratives e.g Andy Warhols soup can painting
Post modern texts deliberately play with meaning
They can mean lots of different things at the same time
Designed to be read by a literate audience and will exhibit many traits of intertextuality.
Many texts openly acknowledge that they can have no preferred reading and present a whole range of oppositional readings simultaneously.
Definitions
Self reflexivity: this involves the seemingly paradoxical combination of self-consciousness and some sort of historical grounding
Irony: Post modernism uses irony as a primary mode of expression, but it also abuses, installs, and subverts conventions and usually negotiates contradictions through irony
Boundaries: Post modernism challenges the boundaries between genres, art forms, theory and art, high art and the mass media
Constructs: Post modernism is actively involved in examining the constructs society creates including, but not exclusively, the following:
Nation: Post modernism examines the construction of nations/nationality and questions such constructions
Gender: Post modernism reassesses gender, the construction of gender, and the role of gender in cultural formations
Race: Post modernism questions and reassesses constructs of race
Sexuality: Post modernism questions and reassesses constructs of sexuality
Key Terms
These terms can form the basis of analysis when looking at a text from a postmodern perspective:
• Intertextuality – one media text referring to another
• Parody – mocking something in an original way
• Pastiche – a stylistic mask, a form of self-conscious imitation
• Homage – imitation from a respectful standpoint
• Bricolage – mixing up and using different genres and styles
• Simulacra – simulations or copies that are replacing ‘real’ artefacts
• Hyperreality – a situation where images cease to be rooted in reality
• Fragmentation – used frequently to describe most aspects of society, often in relation to identity